The existing routing protocol for low power and lossy networks faces major challenges in handling mobile nodes. Current RPL cannot adapt effectively to dynamic fluctuations in mobile environments, leading to poor connectivity, higher energy consumption, and increased overhead. Hence, a novel mobility-enhanced RPL approach is proposed to ensure continuous connectivity for mobile nodes, while reducing network overhead and conserving energy.
RPL operates using four ICMPv6 control packets: DODAG Information Object (DIO), Destination Advertisement Object (DAO), DODAG Information Solicitation (DIS), and DAO Acknowledgement (DAO-ACK). In the proposed enhancement, the parent node monitors link quality through additional fields in control packets. When the link weakens, the parent node proactively informs the mobile node, allowing it to switch with minimal energy usage. This reduces unnecessary overhead, prevents disconnection, and enables seamless mobility support in LLNs (Low Power and Lossy Networks).
Step 1: The mobile node transmits data to the parent node, which measures the Average Received Signal Strength Indicator (ARSSI). Upon detecting mobility, the parent node signals the mobile node to proceed to Step 2.
Step 2: The mobile node selects the most suitable parent and establishes a new route for data transfer.
Step 3: The mobile node updates its routing table with the newly chosen parent to ensure stable connectivity.
✔ Provides continuous connectivity for mobile nodes in dynamic LLN environments.
✔ Selects the best parent node using optimized metrics and timers.
✔ Prevents congestion by maintaining stable connectivity when nodes move out of range.
✔ Improves key performance metrics such as Packet Delivery Ratio, throughput, end-to-end delay, and energy efficiency.
✔ Extends device lifetime by utilizing an energy-efficient algorithm compared to conventional mRPL methods.
✔ Ensures compatibility with standard RPL, allowing easy real-world implementation.
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